Echocardiograms (echo studies)- this is a simple study that provides images of the heart, helping to determine its structure and functioning capacity. The echo uses color flow to provide information about the direction of blood flow within the heart. This is important in detecting leaking valves, valve blockage, or stenosis, and diverted blood flow due to abnormalities.
Stress testing- during this test the heart is monitored by ECG and often imaging studies during an induced episode of increased cardiac demand. This test can identify patients at a potential risk for a cardiac infarction (heart attack)
Carotid Ultrasound- this exam evaluates the amount of blockage (if any) in the carotid arteries. The carotid arteries are located in the neck and bring oxygen filled blood to the brain. Severe blockage in the arteries can cause a TIA (small stroke) or a CVA (large stroke)